MA in Adult Education (Athabasca University, 2005)
B.Com Marketing (UBC Sauder School of Business, 1993)
BA, Finance (Kennesaw State University)
MA, Economics (University of Victoria)
MBA, (University of Saskatchewan)
Bachelor of Commerce (Honours), (University of Saskatchewan)
Bachelor of Business Administration (Simon Fraser University) Chartered Accountant designation (CPA Canada)
MBA (San Jose State University, 1989)
MSc (Business Admin) in Management Info Systems (UBC, 1992)
CPA, CA
B.Comm., honours (UBC)
MBA (Royal Roads University)
MA in Political Economics (Northeast Normal University, 2000)